Which speeds increase with heavier landing weight?

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Multiple Choice

Which speeds increase with heavier landing weight?

When landing weight increases, the speeds tied to landing performance go up. Vref is the target reference landing speed, and it rises with heavier weight because lift must be generated at a higher speed to keep the wings flying comfortably as weight grows. Vapp is the approach speed you aim for on final, and it’s typically calculated as Vref plus a stabilization/margin; since Vref itself increases with weight, Vapp also increases. The other speeds aren’t both tied to landing weight in the same way. Vne and Vmo are structural or operating-limit speeds that don’t change with weight for a given configuration. Vno is a cruising/MACH limit that isn’t set by landing weight. V1 and V2 are takeoff speeds, defined by takeoff weight, not landing weight. (Note: stall speed Vs does rise with weight, but that isn’t paired with a constant-speed pair in the option set.)

When landing weight increases, the speeds tied to landing performance go up. Vref is the target reference landing speed, and it rises with heavier weight because lift must be generated at a higher speed to keep the wings flying comfortably as weight grows. Vapp is the approach speed you aim for on final, and it’s typically calculated as Vref plus a stabilization/margin; since Vref itself increases with weight, Vapp also increases.

The other speeds aren’t both tied to landing weight in the same way. Vne and Vmo are structural or operating-limit speeds that don’t change with weight for a given configuration. Vno is a cruising/MACH limit that isn’t set by landing weight. V1 and V2 are takeoff speeds, defined by takeoff weight, not landing weight. (Note: stall speed Vs does rise with weight, but that isn’t paired with a constant-speed pair in the option set.)

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